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建筑与可再生能源利用通用规范
General Specification for Building Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Utilization
3.1.14 外窗的通风开口面积应符合下列规定：1 夏热冬暖、温和B区居住建筑外窗的通风开口面积不应小于房间地面面积的10％或外窗面积的45％，夏热冬冷、温和A区居住建筑外窗的通风开口面积不应小于房间地面面积的5％；2 公共建筑中主要功能房间的外窗（包括透光幕墙）应设置可开启窗扇或通风换气装置。3.1.18 居住建筑的主要使用房间（卧室、书房、起居室等）的房间窗地面积比不应小于1/7。
3.1.14 The ventilation opening area of external windows should comply with the following regulations: 1. The ventilation opening area of external windows in residential buildings in Zone B should not be less than 10% of the room floor area or 45% of the external window area, and the ventilation opening area of external windows in residential buildings in Zone A should not be less than 5% of the room floor area, with hot summers and cold winters and mild winters; External windows (including transparent curtain walls) of the main functional rooms in public buildings should be equipped with openable window sashes or ventilation devices. The window to floor area ratio of the main rooms used in residential buildings (bedrooms, study rooms, living rooms, etc.) should not be less than 1/7.
民用建筑设计统一标准
Unified Standard for Civil Building Design
7.2.2 采用直接自然通风的空间，通风开口有效面积应符合下列规定：1 生活、工作的房间的通风开口有效面积不应小于该房间地面面积的1/20；2 ?厨房的通风开口有效面积不应小于该房间地板面积的1/10，并不得小于0.6㎡；3 ?进出风开口的位置应避免设在通风不良区域，且应避免进出风开口气流短路。7.2.3 严寒地区居住建筑中的厨房、厕所、卫生间应设自然通风道或通风换气设施。7.2.4 厨房、卫生间的门的下方应设进风固定百叶或留进风缝隙。7.2.5 自然通风道或通风换气装置的位置不应设于门附近。7.2.6 无外窗的浴室、厕所、卫生间应设机械通风换气设施。7.2.7 ?建筑内的公共卫生间宜设置机械排风系统。
7.2.2 For spaces with direct natural ventilation, the effective area of ventilation openings should comply with the following regulations: 1. The effective area of ventilation openings in living and working rooms should not be less than 1/20 of the floor area of the room; 2 ? The effective area of the ventilation opening in the kitchen should not be less than 1/10 of the floor area of the room and should not be less than 0.6 square meters; 3 ? The position of the inlet and outlet openings should be avoided in areas with poor ventilation, and short circuits in the airflow at the inlet and outlet openings should be avoided. 7.2.3 In residential buildings located in extremely cold regions, natural ventilation ducts or ventilation facilities should be installed in kitchens, toilets, and bathrooms. 7.2.4 Fixed air inlet louvers or air inlet gaps should be installed below the doors of the kitchen and bathroom. 7.2.5 The position of natural ventilation ducts or ventilation devices should not be located near doors. 7.2.6 Mechanical ventilation facilities should be installed in bathrooms, toilets, and toilets without external windows. 7.2.7 ? Mechanical exhaust systems should be installed in public restrooms within buildings.
民用建筑设计统一标准
Unified Standard for Civil Building Design
7.2.2 人员经常生活、休息、工作活动的空间（如居室、厨房、儿童活动室、中小学生教室、学生公寓宿舍、育婴室、养老院、病房等）应采用直接自然通风。本条中规定的通风口面积的限值保持了原《通则》的规定。进出风开口的有效面积应进行计算，计算时将开启扇开到通风位置，然后计算有效通风面积。
7.2.2 The spaces where personnel often live, rest, and work (such as living rooms, kitchens, children's activity rooms, primary and secondary school classrooms, student dormitories, nursing homes, nursing homes, wards, etc.) should adopt direct natural ventilation. The minimum limit of ventilation area specified in this article maintains the provisions of the original General Rules. The effective area of the inlet and outlet openings should be calculated by opening the fan to the maximum ventilation position and then calculating the effective ventilation area.
除了保证必需的通风开口面积，良好的通风效果还依赖是否有通风路径。设计中应合理设置进出风口的平面位置、高度等，以利于室内形成良好自然通风流场。设置在外墙上的悬开窗，其通风开口有效面积按下列要求确定：1 当开启扇开启角度大于70°时，其面积可按窗的面积计算。
In addition to ensuring the necessary ventilation opening area, good ventilation effect also depends on whether there is a ventilation path. In the design, the plane position and height of the air inlet and outlet should be reasonably set to facilitate the formation of a good natural ventilation field indoors. The effective area of the ventilation opening of the suspended window set on the exterior wall shall be determined according to the following requirements: 1. When the opening angle of the opening fan is greater than 70 °, its area can be calculated based on the area of the window.
2 当开启角度小于70°时，其面积可以按照下式计算：Fp=d×(h+B)式中：Fp-通风开口有效面积（㎡）；d-开启扇顶（或底边）到其关闭位置的距离（m）；h-开启洞口净高（m）；B-开启洞口的净宽（m）。
When the opening angle is less than 70 °, its area can be calculated according to the following formula: Fp=d × (h+B), where Fp - effective area of ventilation opening (㎡); D - Distance from the top (or bottom) of the fan to its closed position (m); H-Net height of the opening (m); B - Clear width of the opening (m).
3 当采用推拉窗时，取开启后的通风洞口尺寸。厨房通往阳台的门，不计入厨房的通风有效面积。
When using sliding windows, take the maximum ventilation opening size after opening. The door from the kitchen to the balcony is not included in the effective ventilation area of the kitchen.
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