通风管道是现代化建筑物非常重要的设施之一，通风管道可以让建筑物室内保持空气流通，排放有害气体，而在通风管道加工设计过程中，涉及的计算主要包括通风管道中的气流阻力、通风管道中的压力分布、通风管道的水力计算、均匀送风管道的计算等。今天咱们就来聊一聊风管加工设计应注意的几个问题。一起来看看吧。
Ventilation duct is one of the very important facilities of modern buildings. Ventilation duct can keep indoor air circulation and discharge harmful gases. In the process of ventilation duct processing and design, the calculations involved mainly include air flow resistance in ventilation duct, pressure distribution in ventilation duct, hydraulic calculation of ventilation duct, calculation of uniform air supply duct, etc. Today, let's talk about some problems that should be paid attention to in the processing and design of air duct. Let's have a look.
1、通风系统的划分：
1. Division of ventilation system:
不同地区的工业通风系统对送风和排风有不同的要求。当面积较大时，对应的供排气点较多，可分为若干个供排气子系统，一个系统由一个风机及其连接的管道组成，便于管理。系统划分的主要依据是：如果生产过程和运行时间相同，建议将其划分为一个系统;如果运行参数和空气处理要求相同，建议将其分成一个系统;不建议将风扇附近排气量较大的排气点分成一个系统，这将增加排气系统的阻力。此外，如果两种或两种以上的有害物质混合在一起，会增加毒性和腐蚀性，并容易引起火灾和爆炸，它们不能被分成一个系统。建议单独设置排气系统。
Industrial ventilation systems in different regions have different requirements for air supply and exhaust. When the area is large, there are many corresponding air supply and exhaust points, which can be divided into several air supply and exhaust subsystems. One system is composed of a fan and its connected pipes, which is convenient for management. The main basis for system division is: if the production process and running time are the same, it is recommended to divide it into one system; If the operating parameters and air handling requirements are the same, it is recommended to divide them into one system; It is not recommended to divide the exhaust points with large exhaust volume near the fan into one system, which will increase the resistance of the exhaust system. In addition, if two or more hazardous substances are mixed together, they will increase toxicity and corrosivity, and easily cause fire and explosion. They cannot be divided into one system. It is recommended to set the exhaust system separately.
2.通风管道材料的选择：
2. Selection of ventilation duct materials:
风管加工主要由钢板、金属软管、塑料和橡胶软管、纤维板、胶合板、石膏板、聚氯乙烯塑料板、砖和混凝土等制成。钢板是通风管道常用的材料，具有耐腐蚀、耐高温的特点，便于制造和安装。一些通风管道在技术上需要经常移动，这需要柔性材料，如金属软管、塑料软管和橡胶软管。硬质聚氯乙烯塑料板表面光滑，加工方便，但不耐高温，适用于腐蚀性工业通风和排气系统。砖和混凝土制成的通风管主要适用于与建筑物连接，阻力小，经久耐用。总之，通风管道的材料应根据应用条件综合选择。
Air duct processing is mainly made of steel plate, metal hose, plastic and rubber hose, fiberboard, plywood, gypsum board, PVC plastic board, brick and concrete. Steel plate is a common material for ventilation pipe, which has the characteristics of corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance, and is convenient for manufacturing and installation. Some ventilation ducts technically need to be moved frequently, which requires flexible materials, such as metal hose, plastic hose and rubber hose. Rigid PVC plastic plate has smooth surface and convenient processing, but it is not resistant to high temperature. It is suitable for corrosive industrial ventilation and exhaust system. The ventilation pipe made of brick and concrete is mainly suitable for connection with buildings, with low resistance and durability. In short, the material of ventilation duct shall be comprehensively selected according to the application conditions.
3.通风管道截面形状的选择：
3. Selection of section shape of ventilation pipe:
风管加工时的截面形状一般分为矩形和圆形。在相同横截面积的情况下，圆形通风管道不仅阻力小，而且强度高，节省了管道。对于圆形通风管道，直径越小，制造越容易，保温越方便。但是，矩形通风管道的管件比圆形通风管道的管件容易制作，布局也比圆形通风管道简单。在正常情况下，当通风管的横截面较小，管内流速较高时，宜采用圆形通风管;通风管道截面较大时，应采用矩形通风管道，并能充分利用建筑空间。对于矩形通风管道，宽高比越接近1越好，这样不仅可以节省运行功率，还可以节省投资。
The section shape of air duct processing is generally divided into rectangular and circular. In the case of the same cross-sectional area, the circular ventilation pipe has not only low resistance, but also high strength, saving the pipe. For circular ventilation pipes, the smaller the diameter, the easier it is to manufacture and the more convenient it is to keep heat. However, the pipe fittings of rectangular ventilation duct are easier to manufacture than those of circular ventilation duct, and the layout is simpler than that of circular ventilation duct. Under normal circumstances, when the cross section of the ventilation pipe is small and the flow rate in the pipe is high, the circular ventilation pipe should be used; When the cross section of ventilation duct is large, rectangular ventilation duct shall be adopted and the building space shall be fully utilized. For rectangular ventilation duct, the closer the aspect ratio is to 1, the better, which can not only save operating power, but also save investment.
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